Odisha’s library system, rich in cultural heritage, faces challenges in modernization and accessibility, requiring a comprehensive transformation
OdishaPlus Bureau
The library landscape in Odisha showcases a blend of historical importance, current challenges, and initiatives aimed at modernization and improved accessibility. This state, known for its rich cultural heritage, has a longstanding tradition of preserving knowledge, transitioning from informal settings such as ‘Bhagabata Tungi’ (village reading areas) to more organized public libraries. Nevertheless, the present condition of its library system highlights both opportunities and ongoing difficulties.
The Harekrushna Mahtab State Library, located in Bhubaneswar, stands as the premier institution, having been established in 1959 and renamed in 1987 in honor of Odisha’s inaugural Chief Minister. It functions as both the state library and a public library for the city, boasting an extensive collection of books and manuscripts.
Recent efforts, including a renovation initiative launched by the Odisha Mining Corporation in 2023, seek to modernize the library with digital infrastructure, CCTV security, and environmentally friendly building features. Plans are also in place to digitize the collection for online access and to increase the seating capacity to 500. Furthermore, additional facilities such as Aahar Kendra and Mission Shakti Cafes, are being incorporated to enhance the overall visitor experience.
In addition to the central hub, Odisha’s public library system comprises 30 libraries overseen by the Odia Language Literature and Culture Department, which includes district and sub-divisional libraries. Furthermore, there are 83 libraries managed by the Information & Public Relations Department and 12 under the Housing & Urban Development Department. More than 300 libraries also function under private organizations or NGOs with government assistance, particularly at the block level.
However, the Odisha Public Libraries Act of 2001, which was designed to formalize and enhance library services, has yet to be implemented, hindering systematic progress.
Challenges continue to exist, especially in rural regions. Numerous libraries are devoid of modern amenities, and the perception of libraries as simple book storage facilities rather than vibrant centers of knowledge persists. There is a significant demand for public libraries, as demonstrated by the overcrowding in urban areas such as Bhubaneswar and Berhampur, yet available resources remain insufficient.
Education experts have pointed out that student dissatisfaction stems from inadequate access to resources, highlighting the disparity between demand and available infrastructure. The state’s library system is also falling behind in integrating 21st-century services, such as digital resources and community engagement initiatives, when compared to more developed systems in other states.
Grassroots initiatives provide a glimmer of hope. Projects like the Bakul Foundation’s library, established in a repurposed bus in 2022, which houses over 4,000 books, and the public library located in Biju Patnaik Park, launched in 2021, aim to foster a reading culture, particularly among disadvantaged groups.
The Odisha Public Library Initiative, spearheaded by the Odisha Society of the Americas, advocates for the establishment of modern libraries in every Gram Panchayat, focusing on enhancing digital literacy and skill development. However, these initiatives serve as temporary fixes to a broader systemic problem, with funding and policy execution remaining significant obstacles.
Although Odisha has a rich library heritage and has made some progress, its library landscape is characterized by underutilization, outdated facilities, and an unimplemented legislative framework. While advancements are being made, a thorough transformation that incorporates technology, accessibility, and community engagement is essential to address current needs effectively.
